Steer-by-wire

Mercedes Cuts the Link

At WOT, we attentively follow the innovations that are profoundly transforming the relationship between the driver and the vehicle. Mercedes-Benz's recent announcement regarding the introduction of a steer-by-wire system as early as 2026 marks a major break in automotive steering architecture: the complete elimination of the mechanical link between the steering wheel and the wheels. This is no longer a concept study, but a large-scale industrial shift.

A Fully Electronic Transmission

The principle of steer-by-wire involves replacing the traditional steering column with a completely electric system. The movements of the steering wheel are translated by a control module (Steering Feedback Unit – SFU) and then transmitted to the rack via an independent actuator (Steering Rack Unit – SRU). The driver's feel, now simulated by an electric motor, is generated by software, without physical contact with the wheels. Mercedes thus promises smoother, more precise steering, capable of real-time dynamic adaptations.

Increased Comfort and Maneuverability

The announced benefits are numerous: reduced steering effort, elimination of unwanted vibrations, easier maneuvering in the city, notably thanks to the close integration with the active rear-axle steering (up to 10° of angle). The steering ratio becomes variable, adjusted according to speed, driving conditions, or the selected driving mode. Added to this is a notable advantage in terms of interior design: the steering wheel, freed from its mechanical constraints, can adopt a flatter format, or even be retractable in the future. The passenger compartment becomes more spacious, more accessible, and better prepared for the integration of level 3 autonomous driving systems.

An Architecture Designed for Redundancy

The absence of a mechanical link imposes a particularly high level of safety. Mercedes addresses this with a complete redundant architecture: dual communication pathways, dual power supply, dual control. In the event of a total failure, control can be transferred to the ESP system and the rear steering to ensure a minimum of lateral control. More than one million kilometers have already been covered in validation on test benches and on the road.

A Technology with Strong Potential... But to Watch

Steer-by-wire opens the way to advanced steering customizations, even unprecedented experiences (simulation, onboard games, radically redesigned aesthetics). It is also a key step in the convergence towards autonomous vehicles. However, this advance raises legitimate questions: what link remains between the driver and the chassis when the feedback is entirely synthetic? Can the driving feel, a central element for any enthusiast, be faithfully reproduced without mechanical contact? The future will tell.

At WOT, We Remain Attentive

As always, WOT closely observes the evolution of onboard technologies. While steer-by-wire marks an undeniable advance in terms of ergonomics, modularity, and safety, it also constitutes a profound redefinition of driving. We will continue to evaluate its integration, its technical implications, and its impact on the real driving experience. The automotive industry is entering a phase of structural transformation. And we will be there to decipher every turn.